Autism spectrum disorder: the perspective and intervention of a mental health nurse specialist

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting communication, social interaction and behaviour. With onset in childhood, there is high heterogeneity in its clinical presentation, which demands a specific and individualized clinical approach. Early detection and intervention are key to fostering the development of adaptive skills, reducing associated symptoms and improving the person’s quality of life. In this context, the mental health nurse specialist (MHNS) holds a strategic place within the therapeutic team. Embedded in the continuity-of-care programme, their intervention has as its general aim the comprehensive and respectful care of the person, oriented not only to clinical intervention but also to the emotional and psychoeducational support of the family unit and the strengthening of community support networks. Their main functions include the assessment of specific needs, the planning of individualized care, psychoeducational work, emotional support, and coordination and networking within the healthcare team and with external resources (social services, school, community resources). In addition, they play an active role in the early detection of warning signs in development and in the promotion of social, emotional and functional skills. The MHNS also collaborates in the clinical management of comorbidity that is frequent in ASD, such as anxiety, depression or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).