Neurodiversity: the paradigm shift towards an inclusive society

Abstract

This article explores the concept of neurodiversity, which recognizes the diversity of human neurocognitive processes as an intrinsic value rather than a deficit. This paradigm challenges the traditional model that pathologizes differences and promotes an inclusive society in education, work and human rights. Neurodiversity includes both neurotypical and neurodivergent people (autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] or dyslexia, among others), highlighting their strengths in creativity, attention to detail and specialized skills, as well as the challenges they face, such as stigma and communication barriers. Strategies are presented to foster inclusion —particularly in the workplace— through reasonable accommodations, neurodiversity training and mentoring programmes, underlining the importance of an approach that values individual strengths. Finally, it concludes by emphasizing that the inclusion of neurodivergent people is not only fair but also beneficial for creativity and social progress.