The nurse’s role in autism spectrum disorder

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurobiological condition affecting the way a person perceives, interacts with and communicates with the world around them. The term autism spectrum is used because it covers a wide range of symptoms, abilities and levels of disability, which vary from one person to another. Predominantly, difficulties in social interaction and communication, sensory-perceptual alterations, special interests and comorbidity are present in many people with autism. Nurses can be key professionals in the observation and follow-up for early diagnosis and in the treatment of people with ASD. Multidisciplinary interventions focused on improving autonomy and safety can be a cornerstone in the growth of people with developmental problems. Training stands as a key point in facilitating professional adaptation to the needs of people with autism. We must not forget that research into individualized care, focused on their requirements, can significantly facilitate adaptation to a society that requires greater flexibility towards diverse behaviours and abilities. In this respect, nurses have a duty to provide information and education to society in order to achieve the integration and inclusion of people with ASD in all social spheres, raising awareness of the special needs of these people and their families.